Our History
A TOWN SHAPED BY CENTURIES OF CHANGE
Watford’s story reaches back to the 12th century, when a busy market route laid the foundations for a thriving town. From the enduring presence of St Mary’s Church to its role as an important historic crossing point, Watford’s past is woven into its streets, landmarks, and community life—still visible today through its heritage and local museums.
Medieval and Early Modern Watford
Although much of medieval Watford has faded - heritage sites remain. The Bedford Almshouses, built in 1580, are among the oldest surviving buildings, offering a glimpse into the town’s past. St Mary’s Church continues to anchor the community, linking today’s Watford with its earliest days.
The Journey to Modern Watford
The 19th century transformed Watford, with the arrival of the Grand Union Canal and the railway in 1837 linking the town to London and driving rapid growth. New industries emerged, the population expanded, and local government evolved—culminating in borough status in 1922—as Watford grew from a small market town into a thriving industrial centre.
Watford Market
A market has been at the heart of Watford’s identity since the 12th century, when the Abbot of St Albans secured royal permission to establish it. Originally held in the High Street, the market was a hub for livestock and goods, with St Mary’s Church built alongside as the parish centre. After centuries in the High Street, the market moved to Red Lion Yard in 1928, then to Charter Place in 1974, before settling into its current home on The Parade in 2015.
The River Colne has flowed through Watford’s history for centuries. Once a marshy valley reshaped to power local mills, it became central to the town’s industrial growth alongside the Grand Union Canal. The river was also a source of leisure, with fishing and riverside walks enjoyed by generations. Today, the Rediscovering the River Colne project is restoring its natural habitats and celebrating its heritage, ensuring the Colne remains part of Watford’s identity for years to come.
Heritage Today
Watford blends its rich history with modern vibrancy. Residents and visitors can explore historic buildings, enjoy old photographs of the town’s changing face, and learn more at Watford Museum. The museum also shares updates and heritage stories via its Facebook page.
For those keen to discover Watford’s past on foot, Trail Tales offers guided walks and storytelling experiences that bring the town’s heritage to life. By downloading the Trail Tales app, visitors can access interactive maps, audio stories and themed routes that uncover hidden histories and local landmarks. Whether you’re exploring with family, friends, or on your own - the app makes it easy to follow in the footsteps of Watford’s past while enjoying a modern, engaging experience
Today, Watford is not only a place of work and leisure but also a town proud of its heritage. Its past continues to shape its identity, offering residents and visitors alike a deeper connection to the community.